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Dirofilariasis in Iowa coyotes

J C Franson, R D Jorgenson, E K Boggess

    Journal of Wildlife Diseases
    |April 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infections were detected in 3.6% of coyotes surveyed in southwestern Iowa. This study highlights the prevalence of this parasite in the local coyote population.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Parasitology
    • Wildlife Disease Ecology
    • Canine Health

    Background:

    • Dirofilaria immitis, commonly known as heartworm, is a parasitic nematode that affects various mammals.
    • Coyotes (Canis latrans) are increasingly recognized as important reservoirs for zoonotic and enzootic diseases.
    • Understanding the prevalence of heartworm in wildlife populations is crucial for disease management and public health.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis infections in coyotes from southwestern Iowa.
    • To assess the potential role of coyotes as a reservoir for heartworm transmission in the region.

    Main Methods:

    • Necropsy and parasitological examination of 220 coyotes (Canis latrans).
    • Coyotes were sourced from fur buyers in Adams, Carroll, Cass, and Warren counties in southwestern Iowa.
    • Infection intensity was quantified by counting the number of Dirofilaria immitis recovered from each infected coyote.

    Main Results:

    • Heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) was identified in 8 out of 220 coyotes, representing a prevalence of 3.6%.
    • The number of heartworms per infected coyote ranged from 1 to 23.
    • Infections were confirmed in coyotes collected from four distinct counties in southwestern Iowa.

    Conclusions:

    • Coyotes in southwestern Iowa are infected with Dirofilaria immitis.
    • The findings indicate a notable prevalence of heartworm in the surveyed coyote population.
    • Further research is warranted to evaluate the ecological and epidemiological implications of heartworm in this wildlife population.

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