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Mesodermal defects and cranial neural crest apoptosis in alpha5 integrin-null embryos

K L Goh1, J T Yang, R O Hynes

  • 1Center for Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA.

Development (Cambridge, England)
|October 23, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Alpha5beta1 integrin is crucial for mesodermal development and neural crest cell survival. Its absence causes severe embryonic defects, impacting posterior development and notochordal gene expression.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Integrin Signaling

Background:

  • Alpha5beta1 integrin, a fibronectin receptor, is vital for cell adhesion.
  • Alpha5 subunit deficiency leads to embryonic lethality and mesodermal defects.
  • Previous studies indicate severe posterior developmental issues in alpha5-null embryos.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the in vivo effects of alpha5-null mutation on cell proliferation and survival.
  • To analyze the impact on mesodermal development and gene expression patterns.
  • To determine the role of alpha5beta1 integrin in embryonic development.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of alpha5-null and wild-type embryos.
  • Assessment of cell proliferation and apoptosis rates in embryonic tissues.

Related Experiment Videos

  • In situ hybridization to examine mesodermal and neural crest marker gene expression.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences in mesodermal cell proliferation or apoptosis were observed.
    • Increased cell death noted in cranial neural crest and endodermal cells.
    • Discontinuous expression of notochordal genes (T, Shh) and altered Pax gene expression in mutants.

    Conclusions:

    • Alpha5beta1 integrin is not essential for initial mesodermal commitment but crucial for maintenance of mesodermal derivatives.
    • It plays a critical role in the survival of specific neural crest cell populations.
    • The alpha5-null mutation disrupts posterior development via effects on notochordal integrity and gene expression.