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Related Experiment Videos

Protein transport: a selective membrane mechanism

T F Roth, J A Cutting, S B Atlas

    Journal of Supramolecular Structure
    |January 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Oocytes selectively internalize specific yolk proteins via receptor-mediated endocytosis, a process crucial for nutrient transport and easily studied in chickens.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Cells selectively sequester proteins, but oocytes exhibit a highly specific and robust uptake process.
    • This oocyte protein sequestration is vital for nutrient provision during development.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the specific mechanisms and proteins involved in oocyte protein transport.
    • To characterize the receptor-mediated endocytosis pathway in oocytes.

    Main Methods:

    • In vitro incubation of hormonally stimulated mosquito oocytes.
    • Kinetic analysis of protein uptake.
    • Electron microscopy of isolated plasma membranes.
    • Studies using iodinated and conjugated proteins (IgG-ferritin).

    Main Results:

    • Only the female-specific yolk phosphoglycolipoprotein initiates transport in mosquito oocytes; heterologous proteins are inactive.
    • The uptake process is specific, with an apparent Km of approximately 10(-7) M, and is inhibited by glycolytic inhibitors.
    • In chicken oocytes, IgG and phosvitin lipovitellin are transported intact, demonstrating selectivity.
    • Protein binding occurs at coated pits on the plasma membrane, followed by vesicle formation and intracellular transport.

    Conclusions:

    • Oocyte protein uptake is a highly specific, receptor-mediated endocytosis process.
    • The female-specific yolk protein acts as the key ligand initiating transport in insects.
    • Coated pits are essential structures for selective protein internalization in oocytes.

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