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The nuclear gene Rf3 affects the expression of the mitochondrial chimeric sequence R implicated in S-type male

G Zabala1, S Gabay-Laughnan, J R Laughnan

  • 1Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA. gracia_zabala@qms1.life.uiuc.edu

Genetics
|October 23, 1997
PubMed
Summary

The R DNA region in maize cytoplasmic male sterility (cms-S) is rearranged in fertile revertants, and a key transcript is lost. The nuclear gene Rf3 influences R sequence expression, implicating R in cms-S.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant genetics
  • Mitochondrial genomics
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • S-type cytoplasmic male sterility (cms-S) in maize is a maternally inherited trait affecting fertility.
  • The mitochondrial genome of cms-S maize contains a unique repeated DNA region designated R.
  • Understanding the genetic basis of cms-S and its reversion is crucial for crop improvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular characteristics of the R region in cms-S maize.
  • To determine the role of the nuclear gene Rf3 in suppressing the cms-S phenotype.
  • To elucidate the involvement of the R region in the sterile phenotype of cms-S maize.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of mitochondrial DNA rearrangements in sterile and fertile revertant maize plants.

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  • Transcript analysis to identify R region-specific mRNAs.
  • Nucleotide sequence analysis of the R region and comparison with known genetic elements.
  • Assessment of the effect of the nuclear gene Rf3 on R sequence expression.

    • Main Results:

    • The R region is rearranged in fertile revertant cms-S maize.
    • A 1.6-kb mRNA transcribed from R in sterile plants is absent in revertants.
    • The nuclear gene Rf3 reduces the abundance of R transcripts, including the 1.6-kb mRNA.
    • Sequence analysis reveals R is chimeric with similarities to plasmids and mitochondrial genes (atp9, orf221).

    Conclusions:

    • The R region exhibits a chimeric structure and is implicated in the sterile phenotype of cms-S maize.
    • Rearrangement of the R region and altered transcript levels are associated with cytoplasmic reversion to fertility.
    • The nuclear gene Rf3 modulates the expression of the R sequence, contributing to fertility restoration.