First branchial cleft syndromes and associated congenital hearing loss

We have recently encountered three cases of first branchial cleft syndromes, two of which had prominent hearing losses. The cases are described, and the literature pertaining to first branchial cleft syndrome is reviewed. Because of the frequent coexistence of various congenital anomalies, we feel that the prevalence of congenital otologic problems associated with a first branchial cleft syndrome may be greater than has previously been suspected.