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Related Experiment Videos

Helicobacter pylori

B E Dunn1, H Cohen, M J Blaser

  • 1Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226-0509, USA.

Clinical Microbiology Reviews
|October 23, 1997
PubMed
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Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common bacterium causing gastritis and other gastric issues. This review covers its detection, differentiation, and treatment strategies for effective management.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative bacterium prevalent worldwide, causing chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancers.
  • Infection rates vary globally, with higher prevalence in developing countries (70-90%) compared to developed nations.
  • The bacterium colonizes the human stomach, utilizing urease activity for survival and pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in detecting Helicobacter pylori infections.
  • To discuss methods for differentiating H. pylori strains.
  • To provide a background for appropriate chemotherapy of H. pylori infection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic tests for H. pylori infection.
  • Comparison of invasive (endoscopy-based) and non-invasive diagnostic methods.

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  • Discussion of molecular and serological detection techniques.

    • Main Results:

    • Various diagnostic tests are available, including invasive (histology, culture, rapid urease testing, PCR on tissue) and non-invasive (breath tests, serology, PCR in gastric juice, urinary [15N]ammonia).
    • Urease activity is crucial for H. pylori survival and pathogenesis.
    • Advances in detection and strain differentiation are highlighted.

    Conclusions:

    • Accurate diagnosis of H. pylori infection is essential for effective treatment.
    • Non-invasive diagnostic methods offer alternatives to endoscopy.
    • Understanding H. pylori biology and detection is key to managing associated gastric diseases.