Laparoscopic spinal fusion procedures

Laparoscopic procedures, such as spinal fusions, facilitate patients' faster returns to functioning lifestyles. Fusions using implanted threaded cylinders made of a porous titanium alloy can be performed at the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine levels. This article discusses preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative care of patients undergoing laparoscopic spinal fusion.