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Related Experiment Videos

Thalamic thought disorder: on being "a bit addled"

A Chatterjee1, R Yapundich, M Mennemeier

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Alabama in Birmingham, USA.

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
|October 27, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Bilateral paramedian thalamic strokes caused a patient

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neurolinguistics

Background:

  • Maintaining coherent thought and natural discourse is a complex human ability.
  • The neural underpinnings of thought coherence and its disruptions are not fully understood.
  • Thalamic nuclei play a crucial role in regulating cognitive functions.

Observation:

  • A patient with bilateral paramedian thalamic strokes exhibited dense amnesia and confusion.
  • Brain SPECT scans revealed reduced blood flow in the thalamus, basal ganglia, and specific cortical regions.
  • The patient displayed bizarre, disconnected, and incoherent speech, despite preserved grammar and vocabulary.

Findings:

  • Speech analysis indicated preserved lexical and morpho-syntactic skills but a disordered discourse macrostructure.

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  • The patient demonstrated frequent, unpredictable topic shifts unrelated to context, including intrusions from prior topics.
  • This suggests a thought disorder characterized by an inability to maintain and appropriately shift discourse themes.

    • Implications:

    • Median and intralaminar thalamic nuclei are critical for regulating thalamocortical and striatocortical circuits.
    • These circuits are essential for the neurophysiologic regulation of contextually appropriate thought transitions.
    • The findings highlight the thalamus's role in the executive control of discourse and thought coherence.