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Related Experiment Videos

[Unilateral trigeminal nerve hypoplasia]

M W Ries1, M R Tetz, T Egelhof

  • 1Universitäts-Augenklinik Heidelberg.

Klinische Monatsblatter Fur Augenheilkunde
|July 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Congenital trigeminal nerve hypoplasia can cause isolated corneal anesthesia in children, leading to recurrent corneal ulcers. Early diagnosis and lifelong prophylaxis are crucial for managing this rare condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Isolated unilateral corneal anesthesia is a rare condition.
  • Hypoplasia of the trigeminal nerve is a potential underlying cause.

Observation:

  • A 7-year-old boy presented with conjunctival injection, punctate epithelial keratopathy, and a central corneal ulcer in the left eye.
  • He experienced intermittent, painless redness and had reduced corneal and facial sensitivity.
  • Magnetic resonance tomography revealed a hypoplastic left trigeminal nerve.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with unilateral corneal anesthesia likely due to trigeminal nerve hypoplasia.
  • Treatment included corticosteroids, antibiotics, and artificial tears, leading to ulcer healing.
  • Long-term follow-up showed no inflammation but persistent mild corneal epitheliopathy.

Implications:

  • Painless intermittent keratoconjunctivitis with corneal ulceration in children may indicate trigeminal anesthesia.
  • Congenital or acquired trigeminal anesthesia necessitates lifelong corneal ulcer prophylaxis and regular ophthalmologic examinations.

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