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Environmental stress and evolution: a theoretical study

L A Zhivotovsky1

  • 1Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

EXS
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Environmental stress impacts populations adapting to new conditions. Even without environmental changes, adaptation to a home environment can cause stress when exposed to a foreign environment, highlighting the importance of evolutionary history.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Population Genetics
  • Theoretical Ecology

Background:

  • Populations evolve in specific environments, developing genetic adaptations.
  • Exposure to novel or foreign environments can induce stress, impacting population fitness.
  • Understanding stress requires considering both environmental factors and the population's evolutionary history.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model and quantify stress in a haploid population exposed to a foreign environment.
  • To dissect the components of stress, including environmental, environment x genetic, and evolutionary contributions.
  • To investigate the impact of stress on population fitness and genetic variance.

Main Methods:

  • Mathematical modeling of a haploid population under recurrent deleterious mutations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of selection coefficients across loci in two distinct environments.
  • Definition and analytical expression for relative stress strength.

    • Main Results:

    • Stress strength is composed of environmental, environment x genetic, and evolutionary components.
    • Evolutionary adaptation to a home environment can cause stress in a foreign environment, even if environments are otherwise equivalent.
    • Stressful foreign environments are predicted to increase genotypic variance in fitness.

    Conclusions:

    • An environment is only truly stressful relative to a specific population and its prior evolutionary context.
    • Population stress is an inherent consequence of adaptation and environmental change.
    • The study provides a framework for understanding and predicting population responses to environmental shifts.