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Bone bonding ability of bioactive bone cements

J Tamura1, T Kitsugi, H Iida

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
|November 5, 1997
PubMed
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Three novel bioactive bone cements demonstrated effective bone bonding in rabbit tibias. The glass-ceramic-based cement exhibited superior bonding strength compared to glass-based cements over 25 weeks.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Research
  • Materials Engineering

Background:

  • Bioactive bone cements are crucial for orthopedic applications, aiming to achieve stable fixation and promote bone integration.
  • Traditional polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cements lack inherent bioactivity and can lead to stress shielding.
  • Developing cements with enhanced bone bonding capabilities is essential for improving long-term implant success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare the bone bonding ability of three novel bioactive bone cements (Types A, B, and C) against polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement.
  • To assess the mechanical strength and bone integration of these cements at different time points post-implantation.

Main Methods:

  • Three types of bioactive bone cements (A, B, C) were formulated using glass or glass-ceramic powders and bisphenol-A-glycidyl methacrylate resin.

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  • Rectangular cement plates were implanted into the tibial metaphyses of male rabbits.
  • Mechanical failure testing (detaching test) was performed at 10 and 25 weeks to measure failure load.

    • Main Results:

    • All three bioactive bone cements (A, B, C) achieved direct bone contact, indicating successful bone bonding.
    • Failure loads at 10 weeks: Type A (29.52 N), Type B (41.48 N), Type C (28.22 N), PMMA (0.29 N).
    • Failure loads at 25 weeks: Type A (33.42 N), Type B (41.27 N), Type C (33.64 N), PMMA (0.20 N).
    • Type B, containing glass-ceramic powder, consistently showed higher bonding strength than glass-based cements (A and C).

    Conclusions:

    • All evaluated bioactive bone cements possess the ability to bond directly with bone tissue.
    • The bioactive bone cement formulated with glass-ceramic powder demonstrates superior bone bonding strength compared to those with glass powder.
    • These findings suggest promising potential for the developed bioactive bone cements in orthopedic applications, particularly the glass-ceramic variant.