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Aminoglycoside-associated Fanconi's syndrome: an underrecognized entity
F J Gainza1, J I Minguela, I Lampreabe
1Nephrology Department, Hospital de Cruces, Barakaldo-Bizkaia, Spain.
Aminoglycoside antibiotics can cause Fanconi syndrome, a kidney tubule dysfunction, even with normal kidney function tests. This report highlights 3 cases to raise physician awareness of this underrecognized complication.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Aminoglycosides are crucial for treating gram-negative infections.
- Nephrotoxicity is a significant limitation of aminoglycoside therapy.
- Subtle renal dysfunction may be missed by standard tests.
Observation:
- Three patients developed Fanconi syndrome after high-dose aminoglycoside administration.
- Serum urea nitrogen and creatinine levels remained normal in these patients.
- Distinct patterns of aminoaciduria, including elevated neutral amino acids, were observed.
Findings:
- Fanconi syndrome can occur with aminoglycosides despite normal routine renal function markers.
- Urinary protein and beta2-microglobulin excretion patterns were analyzed.
- Case study findings were compared with existing literature.
Implications:
- Increased physician awareness of aminoglycoside-induced Fanconi syndrome is needed.
- Early recognition of this complication is crucial for patient management.
- Further research into the mechanisms and early detection of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity is warranted.
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