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Related Experiment Videos

Decrease in birth weight in relation to maternal bone-lead burden

T González-Cossío1, K E Peterson, L H Sanín

  • 1Centro de Investigaciones en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Púcblica, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.

Pediatrics
|November 14, 1997
PubMed
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Maternal bone lead burden, not blood lead, is linked to lower infant birth weight. Bone lead may be a better indicator of fetal lead exposure and its long-term health impacts.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Birth weight is a critical indicator of infant survival and development.
  • Previous studies suggest low fetal lead exposure may negatively impact birth weight.
  • Umbilical cord blood lead levels are commonly used to estimate fetal lead exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between maternal bone and blood lead levels and infant birth weight.
  • To determine if bone lead is a more accurate biomarker for fetal lead exposure than blood lead.

Main Methods:

  • Collected maternal blood, umbilical cord blood, and maternal bone (tibia and patella) lead levels from 272 mother-infant pairs.
  • Analyzed lead levels using atomic absorption spectrophotometry and K-X-ray fluorescence.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluated the association between lead burden and birth weight using multiple regression, controlling for known determinants.

    • Main Results:

    • Maternal tibia lead burden was inversely and non-linearly related to birth weight, with accelerated decline at higher lead levels.
    • Infants in the highest tibia lead quartile were, on average, 156 grams lighter than those in the lowest quartile.
    • Other significant predictors of birth weight included maternal nutrition, parity, education, gestational age, and smoking.

    Conclusions:

    • Bone lead burden is a significant predictor of reduced birth weight.
    • Bone lead may be a more sensitive biomarker of cumulative fetal lead exposure than blood lead.
    • Mobilization of lead from maternal bone during pregnancy can lead to significant fetal exposure and potential long-term health consequences.