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Related Experiment Videos

Lead exchange in teeth and bone--a pilot study using stable lead isotopes

B L Gulson1, B R Gillings

  • 1Graduate School of the Environment, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia, CSIRO/EM, North Ryde, Australia.

Environmental Health Perspectives
|August 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Tooth dentine exchanges lead with the environment at about 1% annually, unlike enamel which shows no lead exchange. Bone lead exchange is much faster, around 6-8% per year.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Human Physiology
  • Isotope Geochemistry

Background:

  • Lead exposure and accumulation in human tissues are significant public health concerns.
  • Teeth, particularly dentine, serve as a long-term record of lead exposure.
  • Understanding lead exchange dynamics in teeth is crucial for accurate exposure assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate lead exchange in human tooth enamel and dentine.
  • To compare lead exchange rates in teeth with those in bone.
  • To determine the relationship between lead concentration, isotopic composition, and residence time in a new environment.

Main Methods:

  • Stable lead isotope and concentration analysis of permanent and deciduous teeth from European immigrants to Australia.

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  • Analysis of lead exchange in tooth socket bone.
  • Examination of lead distribution in contiguous dentine slices.

    • Main Results:

    • Tooth enamel showed no lead exchange with the Australian environment.
    • Tooth dentine exhibited an annual lead exchange rate of approximately 1%.
    • Trabecular bone from the tooth socket demonstrated rapid lead exchange (approx. 6% per year), similar to other bone tissue.

    Conclusions:

    • Dentine, not enamel, reflects environmental lead exposure after migration.
    • Lead exchange rates differ significantly between tooth dentine and bone.
    • Dentine lead concentration correlates with residence time, offering insights into historical exposure.