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Sucrose transport in higher plants

J M Ward1, C Kühn, M Tegeder

  • 1Institut für Botanik, Universität Tübingen, Germany.

International Review of Cytology
|December 31, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Plant sucrose transporters are crucial for moving sugars from leaves to other parts of the plant. Studies show these sucrose transporters (SUT1) are essential for phloem loading and overall plant energy distribution.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Sucrose is the primary carbohydrate transported in plants, synthesized in leaves and distributed via the phloem.
  • Long-distance sugar transport is vital for supplying energy and carbon to non-photosynthetic plant organs.
  • Specific plasma membrane proteins regulate sugar export, with recent advances identifying sucrose transporter genes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of plasma membrane sucrose transporters in long-distance carbohydrate transport in plants.
  • To assign specific functions to individual sucrose transporter proteins through detailed studies.
  • To confirm the essentiality of sucrose transporters in phloem loading and translocation pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Biochemical characterization of transporter properties.
  • Gene expression and protein localization studies.
  • Analysis of transgenic plants with impaired sucrose transporter expression.
  • Physiological assessments of sucrose translocation in modified plants.

Main Results:

  • Identification of plasma membrane sucrose transporter genes as key components of the transport machinery.
  • Biochemical and localization studies enabled functional assignments to specific sucrose transporter proteins.
  • Transgenic studies provided strong evidence for SUT1 transporter involvement in phloem loading.
  • Physiological analyses confirmed sucrose transporters as essential for the sucrose translocation pathway in potato and tobacco.

Conclusions:

  • Sucrose transporters are integral to the long-distance translocation of photosynthetically derived sugars in plants.
  • The SUT1 transporter is specifically required for efficient phloem loading.
  • Sucrose transporters play an essential role in plant energy and carbon distribution, particularly in species like potato and tobacco.

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