Pharmacologic therapy for acute cystitis in adults: a review of treatment options

This article is a review of the current pharmacologic treatment options for acute cystitis in adults. It is intended to provide the urologic nurse with practical information regarding the administration of the most frequently prescribed antimicrobial drugs. Pharmacologic agents discussed are of the following classes of antimicrobials: beta-lactam antibiotics, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, and urinary-specific antiinfectives. The discussion of each drug class includes information about the indications, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and recommended dosage regimens. Specific factors that will influence the health care provider's choice of the most appropriate antimicrobial for the treatment of acute cystitis are examined. Key teaching points that should be incorporated into patient education by the nurse are reviewed.