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Related Experiment Videos

Response to selection for hatchability in turkeys at three altitudes

H W Hobbs, R E Moreng

    Poultry Science
    |January 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Selecting turkeys for better hatchability improved packed cell volumes (PCV) without impacting body weight. Higher altitudes influenced organ weights, with genetic selection and natural selection interacting to shape turkey physiology.

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    Area of Science:

    • Animal Science
    • Avian Physiology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Commercial turkey flocks are often established at varying altitudes.
    • Hatchability is a critical trait for turkey production.
    • Altitude can influence physiological adaptations in poultry.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the effects of a selection program for hatchability on organ weights, body weight, and packed cell volumes (PCV) in turkeys.
    • To assess the combined effects of artificial selection for hatchability and natural selection at different altitudes.

    Main Methods:

    • Five lines of turkeys were developed using hatchability as the sole selection criterion at 76, 1524, and 2182 meters above sea level.
    • Organ weights (heart, liver, spleen, adrenals, pancreas, lungs, kidneys, gonads) were measured as a percentage of body weight.
    • Packed cell volumes (PCV) were determined at multiple ages in turkeys reared at 1524 meters.

    Main Results:

    • Selection for hatchability did not negatively affect body weight at 1, 2, or 4 weeks of age.
    • Turkey lines selected for hatchability showed increased PCV compared to controls, indicating adaptation.
    • High-altitude exposure (2182m) increased relative heart and adrenal weights, while decreasing spleen, pancreas, kidney, and ovary weights.

    Conclusions:

    • Selection for hatchability can enhance physiological traits like PCV without compromising growth.
    • Altitude significantly impacts organ development and function in turkeys, with complex interactions between genetic selection and environmental pressures.
    • Understanding these adaptations is crucial for optimizing turkey breeding and management in diverse environments.

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