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Related Experiment Videos

Mast cells

D D Metcalfe1, D Baram, Y A Mekori

  • 1Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Physiological Reviews
|November 14, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Mast cells, crucial immune cells derived from bone marrow, play vital roles in immunity and tissue repair. Their activation, influenced by various stimuli, triggers immediate and chronic inflammatory responses.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Mast cells are tissue-resident immune cells originating from bone marrow.
  • Their survival depends on growth factors like stem cell factor.
  • Mast cell phenotype varies based on the local tissue environment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the diverse biological functions and activation mechanisms of mast cells.
  • To highlight their roles in immunity, inflammation, and tissue repair.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on mast cell biology.
  • Analysis of mast cell activation pathways (Fc epsilon RI dependent and independent).
  • Examination of mast cell mediator release and signaling.

Main Results:

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  • Mast cells are involved in innate immunity and host defense against parasites.
  • Activation leads to immediate release of mediators causing allergic inflammation.
  • Subsequent cytokine and chemokine production contributes to chronic inflammation and tissue repair.

    • Conclusions:

    • Mast cells are highly engineered cells with critical roles in immune responses.
    • They are key players in immediate and chronic inflammation, immunomodulation, and tissue repair.
    • Understanding mast cell function is vital for developing therapeutic strategies.