Estimating premorbid WAIS-R intelligence in the elderly: an extension and cross validation of new regression equations
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Updated: Aug 16, 2026

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease
Published on: October 13, 2016
A M Paolo1, J J Ryan, A I Tröster
1University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66160, USA.
Abstract:
Recently developed equations that combine WAIS-R subtests and demographic information to estimate premorbid intelligence were evaluated in persons 75 years and older. The equations underestimated the obtained IQs of elderly persons. Therefore, new equations were developed using the old age WAIS-R standardization sample. The new equations cross-validated well and demonstrated adequate ability to detect possible intellectual deterioration in a brain damaged sample. The demographic formulas of Barona, Reynolds, and Chastain worked as well as the new equations in suggesting possible deterioration in a sample of elderly persons with chronic and diffuse cognitive impairment.
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