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Pattern of solid malignant tumours in children--a ten-year study
R Pramanik1, C C Paral, A Ghosh
1Department of Pathology, NRS Medical College, Calcutta.
Insights
This study analyzed 263 pediatric solid tumors, finding retinoblastoma most common. Pediatric cancer incidence varied by age, with a male predominance observed in children under 14.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Oncology
- Cancer Epidemiology
- Tumor Pathology
Background:
- Solid malignant tumors in children represent a significant health challenge.
- Understanding the epidemiological patterns of these tumors is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
- Previous studies have highlighted variations in tumor types and incidence based on age and sex.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the spectrum and incidence of solid malignant tumors in children up to 14 years of age.
- To identify age-specific and sex-specific patterns in pediatric solid tumors.
- To provide epidemiological data for retinoblastoma, Wilms' tumor, lymphoma, and other embryonal tumors.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 263 solid malignant tumors (excluding CNS tumors) in children up to 14 years.
- Tumor classification based on histopathology.
- Data collection on patient age, sex, and tumor type.
- Epidemiological analysis of incidence and distribution.
Main Results:
- Retinoblastoma (27%) was the most frequent tumor, followed by Wilms' tumor (14.1%) and lymphoma (13.7%).
- The majority of patients (55%) were under 5 years old, with a higher incidence of embryonal tumors in this age group.
- A male preponderance was observed (1.6:1 male to female ratio).
- Notable tumors included Ewing's sarcoma (n=21), osteogenic sarcoma (n=19), and germ cell tumors (n=14).
Conclusions:
- Pediatric solid tumors exhibit distinct epidemiological profiles based on age and sex.
- Retinoblastoma is the leading solid tumor in this pediatric cohort.
- Further research into specific tumor types like embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma and neuroblastoma is warranted.
Abstract:
Solid malignant tumours (n = 263) excluding brain and spinal cord tumours in children up to 14 years of age were studied. Retinoblastoma (27%) constituted the largest group followed by Wilms' tumour (14.1%) and lymphoma (13.7%). Most patients (55%) were of less than 5 years age and maximum incidence of embryonal tumours was found in this age group; other tumours were more frequent in higher age. A male preponderance was noted (male to female ratio as 1.6:1). Amongst lymphoma, 61% were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and rest were Hodgkin's disease; 2 cases of Burkitt's lymphoma were found. Other notable tumours encountered in the study were embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (n = 14), hepatoblastoma (n = 9), neuroblastoma (n = 7), Ewing's sarcoma (n = 21), osteogenic sarcoma (n = 19) and germ cell tumours (n = 14).