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Snake venoms

F S Markland1

  • 1University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA.

Drugs
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Snake venoms contain proteins affecting human blood clotting, platelets, and endothelial cells. These diverse venom components offer potential therapeutic applications in hemostasis and anticoagulation research.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Snake venoms are complex biological mixtures with numerous bioactive proteins and peptides.
  • Many venom constituents interact with the human hemostatic system, influencing blood coagulation, endothelial cells, and platelets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review venom components that modulate the blood coagulation pathway, endothelial cells, and platelets.
  • To explore the clinical and preclinical applications of these haemostatically active venom proteins.

Main Methods:

  • Categorization of haemostatically active venom components based on their effects.
  • Discussion of specific venom enzymes and proteins, including those affecting fibrinogen, plasminogen, prothrombin, Factor V, Factor X, and platelet activity.

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Main Results:

  • Snake venom proteins exhibit diverse haemostatic activities, including procoagulant, anticoagulant, fibrinolytic, and platelet-modulating effects.
  • Specific enzymes like prothrombin activators and Factor X activators are discussed, alongside haemorrhagic enzymes and platelet aggregation inducers/inhibitors.
  • While widely distributed, no single venom contains all described haemostatic components.

Conclusions:

  • Snake venom proteins represent a rich source of molecules with significant haemostatic activity.
  • These venom components have established clinical uses (e.g., anticoagulants) and ongoing preclinical research for novel therapeutics.