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Social support, reciprocity, and well-being

L Lu1

  • 1Graduate Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical College, Taiwan.

The Journal of Social Psychology
|November 15, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Social support, both given and received, impacts emotional well-being. While personality traits like extraversion can mask negative effects, support reciprocity, especially within families, is linked to better psychological health.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Science
  • Health Research

Background:

  • Social support is crucial for mental health.
  • Understanding the dynamics of giving, receiving, and perceiving support is complex.
  • Personality factors can influence the relationship between social support and well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between social support (given, received, and perceived reciprocity) and psychological outcomes.
  • To examine the moderating role of personality traits (extraversion, social desirability) in these relationships.
  • To identify differences in support exchange based on demographics, such as gender.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic random sampling of 191 community residents in Kaohsiung city, Taiwan.
  • Surveys assessing social support, perceived reciprocity, negative affect, and psychological symptoms.
  • Measurement of extraversion and social desirability to control for personality effects.

Main Results:

  • Both giving and receiving social support were associated with negative affect, even after accounting for personality.
  • Extraversion and social desirability significantly masked the negative impact of support on psychological symptoms.
  • Perceived reciprocity of support within the family was positively related to well-being.
  • Women reported receiving more social support than men.

Conclusions:

  • Social support exchanges have a complex relationship with psychological health, influenced by personality factors.
  • Reciprocity in family support is a key factor for enhanced well-being.
  • Awareness of gender differences in support receipt is important for targeted interventions.

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