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Related Experiment Videos

Emerging treatments in headache

H C Diener1, A Gendolla, M Jüptner

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Essen, Germany.

European Neurology
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Recent PET scans show brain changes during migraine attacks, including reduced blood flow in the occipital cortex during aura and increased brainstem blood flow during headache. New drugs offer hope for acute and preventive migraine treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Migraine attacks involve distinct physiological changes in the brain.
  • Current understanding of migraine pathophysiology, particularly during aura and headache phases, is evolving.
  • Existing treatments for acute migraine and prophylaxis have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate brain blood flow patterns during human migraine attacks using Positron Emission Tomography (PET).
  • To explore the development of animal models for testing new migraine therapeutics.
  • To review advancements in pharmacological treatments for acute migraine and prophylaxis.

Main Methods:

  • Positron Emission Tomography (PET) studies in humans during migraine attacks.
  • Establishment of animal models for migraine drug testing.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Review of current and emerging migraine pharmacotherapies, including 5-HT agonists (triptans).

    • Main Results:

    • PET studies revealed a 'spreading depression-like' oligemia in the occipital cortex during the aura phase.
    • Increased blood flow was observed in the brainstem during the headache phase.
    • Several 5-HT agonists (triptans) are expected for acute migraine treatment, alongside sumatriptan.
    • New substances have recently been introduced for migraine prophylaxis, though their mechanisms remain unclear.

    Conclusions:

    • Human PET studies provide insights into the neurovascular changes during migraine phases.
    • Advancements in drug development offer improved options for acute migraine management.
    • Migraine prophylaxis requires further research due to incomplete understanding of drug mechanisms and lack of suitable animal models.