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Multiple sclerosis presenting as a spinal cord tumor

D L Braverman1, E A Lachmann, R Tunkel

  • 1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA.

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
|November 20, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Multiple sclerosis, a central nervous system demyelination disorder, can mimic spinal cord tumors on MRI. This case highlights the importance of considering demyelinating disease in the differential diagnosis of spinal cord masses.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis is a central nervous system demyelination disorder and a primary cause of disability in young adults.
  • Spinal cord lesions in multiple sclerosis are typically short, peripheral, and located in the cervical region.

Observation:

  • A 30-year-old woman presented with back pain, urinary incontinence, and lower extremity weakness.
  • Spinal MRI revealed an intramedullary thoracic spinal cord tumor (T4-T8) and an associated cyst (T1-T4).

Findings:

  • Histopathological analysis of the thoracic cord lesion confirmed multiple sclerosis.
  • This represents the first reported instance of histopathologically verified spinal cord demyelination presenting as an intramedullary thoracic cord tumor.

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Implications:

  • Demyelinating diseases can present as symptomatic spinal cord masses, mimicking tumors on imaging.
  • Physiatrists must include demyelinating conditions in the differential diagnosis for spinal cord masses.