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A cell-based immunobiosensor with engineered molecular recognition--Part III: Engineering molecular recognition

D L Page1, V B Pizziconi

  • 1Department of Chemical, Bio & Materials Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-6006, USA.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
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This study shows that mast cells can detect specific antigens, generating measurable thermal signals for biosensor development. Integrating enzyme systems enhances signal output and speed, proving cell-based immunosensors are feasible.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Immunotechnology
  • Biosensor Development

Background:

  • Living immune cells offer unique recognition and amplification for hybrid immunosensors.
  • Previous work demonstrated calorimetric transduction of cell metabolic activation.
  • Enzyme systems can improve sensing response time and output.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility of transducing thermal activation responses from mast cells engineered for specific antigen detection.
  • To evaluate mast cell thermal responses to a model antigen.

Main Methods:

  • Rat peritoneal mast cells were sensitized with anti-dinitrophenylated-albumin (DNP-A) IgE.
  • Cells were challenged with dinitrophenylated-albumin (DNP-A) at varying concentrations (10 or 100 ng/ml).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Thermal responses were measured using calorimetric transducers, with and without enzyme amplification systems.

    • Main Results:

    • Antigen challenge triggered mast cell activation, producing thermal responses.
    • A peak thermal response of 1.7 microW/5 x 10(5) cells was observed within 7 minutes.
    • Enzyme systems amplified thermal output threefold and reduced response time to under 3 minutes.
    • A strong quantitative relationship (R=0.988) was found between antigen concentration and thermal response.

    Conclusions:

    • Mast cells can be utilized for antigen-specific thermal biosensing.
    • Cell-based immunosensors demonstrate feasibility and versatility for detecting immunological analytes.
    • This approach offers a promising avenue for selective analyte quantification.