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Changes in aortic wall stiffness in men with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency
A R Ahlgren1, E Piitulainen, B Sonesson
1Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Lund, Malmö University Hospital, Sweden.
Summary
Men with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency have altered aortic distensibility, suggesting early vessel wall changes. No significant differences in abdominal aortic diameter were found compared to healthy individuals.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Medicine
- Genetics
- Cardiovascular Disease
Background:
- Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency is a genetic disorder.
- It is associated with lung and liver disease.
- Potential cardiovascular implications are less understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate abdominal aortic diameter and distensibility in patients with severe alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.
- To compare these parameters with healthy controls.
Main Methods:
- Echo-tracking sonography was used to measure abdominal aortic diameter and stiffness (beta).
- 19 men and 17 women with severe alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency were studied.
- Results were compared to age- and sex-matched healthy individuals.
Main Results:
- No significant difference in abdominal aortic diameter was observed between patients and controls after adjusting for covariates.
- Men with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency exhibited significantly lower aortic stiffness compared to controls (p=0.025).
- No significant difference in aortic stiffness was found in women with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (p=0.17).
Conclusions:
- Abdominal aortic diameter does not differ significantly between individuals with and without alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.
- Aortic distensibility is altered in men with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.
- This alteration may indicate early vascular wall abnormalities in affected individuals.