Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Clostridium difficile toxin A binding to human intestinal epithelial cells

J A Smith1, D L Cooke, S Hyde

  • 1Medical Research Centre, City Hospital, Nottingham.

Journal of Medical Microbiology
|November 22, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Clostridium difficile toxin A binds to human intestinal cells, with binding varying by cell type and individual. Galactose residues are implicated in this toxin A receptor interaction.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Reply.

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology·2021
Same author

Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas of the Foramen Magnum Region: Clinical Features and Angioarchitectural Phenotypes.

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology·2021
Same author

Recent Administration of Iodinated Contrast Renders Core Infarct Estimation Inaccurate Using RAPID Software.

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology·2020
Same author

Interrater Reliability in the Measurement of Flow Characteristics on Color-Coded Quantitative DSA of Brain AVMs.

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology·2020
Same author

Comparison of MRI, MRA, and DSA for Detection of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia.

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology·2020
Same author

Impact of Aortic Arch Anatomy on Technical Performance and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke.

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology·2020

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Clostridium difficile infection is a significant cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea.
  • Understanding toxin A binding mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the direct binding of Clostridium difficile toxin A to human intestinal epithelial cells.
  • To identify potential receptors involved in toxin A-intestinal cell interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Human duodenal and colonic epithelial cells were isolated from endoscopic biopsies.
  • Radiolabelled toxin A ([3H]-toxin A) binding assays were performed at different temperatures.
  • Enzyme treatments (alpha- and beta-galactosidases) and heat treatment were used to probe receptor characteristics.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • [3H]-toxin A bound to both duodenal and colonic cells, with higher affinity at 4°C.
  • Colonic cells showed significantly greater binding than duodenal cells at 37°C.
  • Binding was reduced by alpha- and beta-galactosidases, suggesting carbohydrate involvement, and heat treatment, suggesting protein involvement.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first direct evidence of Clostridium difficile toxin A binding to human intestinal epithelial cells.
  • Beta-linked galactose units are implicated as components of the toxin A receptor.
  • The involvement of Lewis antigens and potentially other receptors in toxin A binding is suggested.