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Structural processing and implicit memory for possible and impossible figures

P Williams1, M J Tarr

  • 1Psychology Department, Yale University, USA. pepper@umbsky.cc.umb.edu

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|January 24, 1998
PubMed
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Participants show a "possible" response bias in object possibility tests due to facilitated structural processing of studied items. This bias is a form of implicit memory, not separate from it, as evidenced by priming effects.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Prior studies indicate a response bias towards "possible" in object possibility tests.
  • The nature of this bias in relation to implicit memory requires further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms of the "possible" response bias in object possibility tests.
  • To determine if this bias represents a form of implicit memory or an independent phenomenon.
  • To compare different theoretical accounts of implicit memory.

Main Methods:

  • Participants completed an object possibility test after studying object portions.
  • Response times and accuracy were analyzed to assess bias and priming effects.
  • Accuracy scores for studied and unstudied items were equated to isolate response time effects.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Prior study of possible object portions facilitated structural processing, leading to a "possible" response bias.
  • Priming effects were observed in response times when accuracy was controlled, indicating implicit memory.
  • The findings support the view that response bias in this context is a manifestation of implicit memory.

Conclusions:

  • The "possible" response bias in object possibility tests is driven by enhanced structural processing of previously studied items.
  • Response bias in this paradigm is an integral part of implicit memory.
  • Proceduralist and memory-systems accounts of implicit memory can be viewed as complementary perspectives.