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Related Experiment Videos

Strategies for preventing suicide

G Lewis1, K Hawton, P Jones

  • 1Division of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff. wpcghl@cardiff.ac.uk

The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science
|November 28, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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High-risk suicide prevention strategies show modest population impact. Population-based approaches, like reducing access to lethal means or addressing unemployment, are more effective for national suicide rate reduction targets.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Mental Health Research

Background:

  • The UK's Health of the Nation initiative includes a target for reducing national suicide rates.
  • This study examines and quantifies high-risk and population-based suicide prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the potential impact of various suicide prevention strategies on population suicide rates.
  • To inform policy decisions regarding the most effective approaches to meet national suicide reduction targets.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review to estimate population attributable fractions for different strategies.
  • Calculation of the number needed to treat for high-risk interventions, assuming a 25% reduction in suicide rates.

Main Results:

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  • A 25% reduction in suicide rates via interventions could decrease overall population rates by 2.6% (hospital discharge) to 5.8% (general hospital self-harm presentations).
  • Unemployment was associated with a population attributable fraction of 10.9% for suicide.

Conclusions:

  • High-risk strategies offer only a modest effect on population suicide rates.
  • Population-based strategies, such as reducing method availability and potentially addressing unemployment, are more promising for achieving national suicide reduction goals.
  • Further evaluation of interventions for deliberate self-harm patients is recommended.