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Microbiologically proven bacterial infections in AIDS

B L Kirkpatrick1, S C Glover, D S Reeves

  • 1Southmead Health Services NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol, UK.

Postgraduate Medical Journal
|November 28, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Bacterial infections are common in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), with frequent recurrence, especially respiratory infections. Early treatment is effective, but prevention strategies are needed for these opportunistic infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are susceptible to opportunistic infections.
  • Bacterial infections represent a significant cause of morbidity in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the incidence, type, and site of bacterial infections in AIDS patients.
  • To identify common bacterial pathogens and recurrence patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 52 AIDS patients presenting to Southmead Hospital, Bristol (1990-1994).
  • Analysis of microbiologically proven bacterial infections.

Main Results:

  • 58% of patients had significant bacterial isolates.

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  • Community-acquired infections were most common.
  • Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (MAI) was the most frequent cause, followed by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas sp., and Campylobacter sp. Gram-negative organisms predominated overall, while Gram-positive organisms were more common in bacteremia.
  • Recurrent respiratory tract infections were frequent, often caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas sp.

    • Conclusions:

    • Bacterial infections are common in AIDS patients and often respond to antimicrobial therapy.
    • High recurrence rates, particularly for respiratory infections, necessitate ongoing management and potential preventative strategies.