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Primary empty sella syndrome with visual field defects

M T Buckman, M Husain, T J Carlow

    The American Journal of Medicine
    |July 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    An enlarged sella turcica with visual defects, but normal pituitary function, may indicate an empty sella syndrome. This condition involves air in the sella turcica without a tumor.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroendocrinology
    • Radiology

    Background:

    • Pituitary and parasellar tumors can cause sella turcica enlargement and visual field defects.
    • Comprehensive pituitary function tests are crucial for diagnosing endocrine disorders.

    Observation:

    • A patient presented with an enlarged, asymmetric sella turcica and visual field defects.
    • Pituitary hormone levels (LH, FSH, TSH, ACTH, prolactin, vasopressin) were within normal limits.
    • Growth hormone secretion was stimulated by arginine but not hypoglycemia.

    Findings:

    • Pneumoencephalography demonstrated air within the sella turcica.
    • No evidence of a pituitary or parasellar tumor was found.
    • The findings suggest an enlarged sella turcica with visual defects and normal pituitary function can be associated with empty sella syndrome.

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    Implications:

    • This case highlights the importance of considering empty sella syndrome in the differential diagnosis.
    • Normal pituitary function in the presence of sella turcica abnormalities warrants further investigation.
    • Radiographic findings of air in the sella turcica, coupled with clinical symptoms, can be indicative of this condition.