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Anthrax as the cause of preseptal cellulitis
S Celebi1, H Celebi, U O Celiker
1Department of Ophthalmology, Firat University Medical Faculty, Elazig, Turkey.
Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica
|August 1, 1997
Summary
A rare case of human anthrax in a child presented with eyelid lesions. Prompt diagnosis and penicillin G treatment led to resolution, highlighting anthrax as a differential diagnosis for eye infections.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Ophthalmology
- Dermatology
Background:
- Anthrax, caused by Bacillus anthracis, is primarily an animal disease but can infect humans through zoonotic transmission.
- Human anthrax cases are rare, with ocular involvement being exceptionally uncommon in clinical practice.
Observation:
- A 4-year-old boy presented with symptoms initially diagnosed as preseptal cellulitis.
- The patient developed characteristic anthrax lesions, including a black necrotic eschar on the right upper eyelid.
Findings:
- Microscopic examination of tissue scrapings revealed gram-positive rods.
- Culture confirmed the presence of Bacillus anthracis.
- Intravenous penicillin G administration resulted in lesion resolution, leaving a scar.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of considering anthrax in the differential diagnosis of pediatric eyelid infections, especially in endemic areas.
- Early recognition and appropriate antibiotic therapy are crucial for managing ocular anthrax and preventing complications.
- The successful treatment highlights penicillin G as an effective therapeutic option for cutaneous anthrax involving sensitive areas like the eyelid.