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Related Experiment Videos

Assessing residual leukaemia

N C Cross1

  • 1LRF Centre for Adult Leukaemia, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.

Bailliere'S Clinical Haematology
|June 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Molecular tests like FISH, Southern blotting, RT-PCR, and Western blotting can detect chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) cells. These methods offer sensitive alternatives to traditional cytogenetic analysis for assessing remission quality.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • The Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome, specifically the t(9;22) translocation, is a hallmark of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML).
  • Conventional cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow metaphases is the standard for assessing remission quality in CML patients.
  • Emerging molecular techniques offer more sensitive detection of CML cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and compare molecular diagnostic techniques for chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML).
  • To evaluate the utility of these methods in assessing remission quality and patient response to therapy.
  • To discuss the advantages and limitations of each technique.

Main Methods:

  • Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for detecting BCR-ABL gene fusion or disruption.

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  • Southern blotting for analyzing genomic DNA rearrangements.
  • Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for detecting BCR-ABL transcripts.
  • Western blotting for identifying BCR-ABL protein expression.

    • Main Results:

    • Molecular assays can specifically detect CML cells, offering alternatives to cytogenetic analysis.
    • FISH, Southern blotting, and Western blotting are useful for monitoring response to treatments inducing partial remission.
    • RT-PCR is the most sensitive assay, ideal for monitoring patients in complete remission.

    Conclusions:

    • Molecular techniques provide sensitive and specific detection of CML.
    • These assays can potentially reduce the need for frequent conventional cytogenetic analysis.
    • Standardization and quality control are crucial for broader clinical adoption of these molecular tests.