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Related Experiment Videos

Serum immunoglobulins in multiple pregnancy

E M Bryan, B Slavin, E Nicholson

    Archives of Disease in Childhood
    |May 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels in twin pregnancies are higher in cord sera than maternal sera. Cord IgG levels correlate more with the co-twin, suggesting placental transfer is key.

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    Area of Science:

    • Perinatal Medicine
    • Immunology
    • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

    Background:

    • Immunoglobulin levels are crucial for fetal immunity.
    • Understanding maternofetal transfer is vital for assessing infant health.
    • Twin pregnancies present unique challenges in studying fetal development.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify immunoglobulin G (IgG), M (IgM), A (IgA), and E (IgE) in paired maternal and umbilical cord sera from twin pregnancies.
    • To investigate the relationship between cord and maternal immunoglobulin levels.
    • To explore the impact of fetofetal transfusion syndrome on immunoglobulin concentrations.

    Main Methods:

    • Serum samples were collected from 50 twin pregnancies, including paired maternal and umbilical cord sera.
    • Concentrations of IgG, IgM, IgA, and IgE were measured.
    • Statistical analysis was performed to compare levels and identify correlations.

    Main Results:

    • Mean IgG levels were higher in cord sera compared to maternal sera.
    • Cord IgG levels showed a stronger correlation with the co-twin's level than with maternal levels or birthweight.
    • IgG levels in twins were comparable to singleton infants of similar gestational age.
    • Fetofetal transfusion syndrome cases exhibited significant IgG discrepancies between donor and recipient twins, exceeding differences in fetal protein levels.
    • IgM was present in most cord sera; IgA and IgE were detected less frequently.
    • No evidence of placental transfer for IgE was found.

    Conclusions:

    • Maternal IgG transfer to the fetus is significant, with levels in neonates influenced more by placental transfer dynamics and co-twin status than maternal levels or birthweight.
    • Fetofetal transfusion syndrome severely impacts IgG distribution, indicating compromised maternofetal transfer.
    • Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms of IgA and IgE transfer in twin gestations.

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