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Related Experiment Videos

Single-breath diffusing capacities for NO, CO and C18O2 in rabbits

H Heller1, G Fuchs, K D Schuster

  • 1Department of Physiology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 11, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.

Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology
|February 7, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Nitric oxide (NO) best approximates the diffusive component of pulmonary gas transfer. Unlike carbon monoxide (CO) or C18O2, NO uptake is diffusion-dependent, providing more accurate measurements of lung diffusing capacity.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Physiology
  • Gas Exchange Dynamics
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Nitric oxide (NO) is a novel gas for studying alveolar-capillary gas transfer.
  • Pulmonary uptake of NO is primarily diffusion-limited due to its rapid reaction with hemoglobin.
  • Carbon monoxide (CO) and C18O2 uptake involve both diffusion and blood-phase reaction kinetics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine and compare the pulmonary diffusing capacities (DL) for NO, CO, and C18O2.
  • To evaluate the suitability of NO as an indicator gas for assessing the diffusive component of DL.
  • To provide experimental data on gas transfer ratios for these indicators in a mammalian model.

Main Methods:

  • Single-breath maneuvers were performed on ten rabbits.

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  • Inspired gas mixtures contained specific concentrations of NO, CO, or C18O2 in nitrogen.
  • Expirates were analyzed using respiratory mass spectrometry to calculate DL values and ratios.

    • Main Results:

    • Measured DL ratios: DL,NO/DL,CO = 3.55 ± 0.4, DL,C18O2/DL,NO = 6.0 ± 0.6, DL,C18O2/DL,CO = 21.4 ± 2.5.
    • Experimental DL ratios underestimated Graham's law predictions (NO/CO: 1.9, C18O2/NO: 12, C18O2/CO: 23) by approximately 0.5.
    • Significant deviations from predicted ratios were observed for C18O2/NO and C18O2/CO.

    Conclusions:

    • Nitric oxide (NO) serves as the closest approximation for the diffusive component of pulmonary diffusing capacity (DL).
    • The rapid kinetics of NO with hemoglobin minimize blood-phase limitations, unlike CO and C18O2.
    • NO is a valuable indicator gas for accurately assessing diffusion across the alveolar-capillary membrane.