Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Axonal injury in falls

A Abou-Hamden1, P C Blumbergs, G Scott

  • 1Neuropathology Laboratory, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, South Australia.

Journal of Neurotrauma
|December 31, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Differences in farm management factors on New Zealand dairy farms with divergent bulk milk urea concentration.

Journal of dairy science·2026
Same author

The effect of milking frequency on the concentration of immunoglobulin G and somatic cell count in colostrum and milk during the first 10 days postpartum.

Journal of dairy science·2025
Same author

Long Amplicon Nanopore Sequencing for Dual-Typing RdRp and VP1 Genes of Norovirus Genogroups I and II in Wastewater.

Food and environmental virology·2024
Same author

Degradation of polymer banknotes through handling, and effect on fingermark visualisation.

Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society·2022
Same author

A natural history of efavirenz drug-induced liver injury.

South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde·2021
Same author

Achilles tendon rupture: what you need to know.

British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005)·2021

Head trauma from falls causes widespread axonal injury (AI), regardless of fall height. Amyloid precursor protein (APP) immunocytochemistry reveals significant AI in all cases, indicating complex injury mechanisms beyond simple fall height prediction.

Area of Science:

  • Neuropathology
  • Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
  • Forensic Pathology

Background:

  • Head trauma, particularly from falls, is a significant cause of brain injury.
  • Axonal injury (AI) is a key indicator of traumatic brain injury severity.
  • Amyloid precursor protein (APP) immunocytochemistry is a sensitive marker for detecting AI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the extent and severity of axonal injury (AI) in fatal head trauma cases resulting from falls.
  • To determine if the height of the fall correlates with the degree of AI.
  • To differentiate between focal and non-focal AI and their potential mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized APP immunocytochemistry to identify AI in 16 fatal head trauma cases from falls.
  • Categorized falls into two groups: < or = own height and > own height.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Quantified AI using Focal Axonal Injury Score (FAIS), Non-Focal Axonal Injury Score (NFAIS), cumulative Axonal Injury Score (AIS), and Axonal Injury Severity Score (AISS).

    • Main Results:

    • Widespread AI was observed in all cases, irrespective of fall height.
    • AI was prevalent in the midbrain, pons, corpus callosum, central grey matter, and cerebral hemispheric white matter.
    • No statistically significant difference in AIS or AISS was found between the two fall height groups.

    Conclusions:

    • The height of a fall does not reliably predict the extent or severity of axonal injury.
    • AI in head trauma is a complex mixture of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and focal AI from secondary mechanisms.
    • APP immunostaining detects AI but cannot distinguish primary from secondary injury; combining with HIS may offer further insights.