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Sexual factors associated with cytomegalovirus seropositivity in human immunodeficiency virus-infected men. The
1Department of Public Health/Epidemiology/Human Reproduction at INSERM 292 (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale), Paris, France.
Background:
Many people infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquire severe cytomegalovirus (CMV) diseases. Factors associated with CMV seropositivity are poorly documented in sexually active HIV-infected men.
Goal:
To study CMV seroprevalence in HIV-infected men according to sexual behavior before the diagnosis of HIV seropositivity.
Study Design:
Cross-sectional study. CMV seroprevalence was studied at enrollment in a prospective cohort of homosexual and heterosexual men infected by HIV through sexual contact.
Results:
In the study population (n = 723), age, sexual preference, previous lifetime history of sexually transmitted diseases, and multiple sexual partners were independently related to CMV seropositivity. Furthermore, routine condom use during the 6 months before diagnosis of HIV seropositivity was significantly related to CMV seropositivity (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.1-1.0), occasional condom use being of borderline significance [adjusted OR: 0.5, CI: 0.2-1.3].
Conclusions:
This study confirms the importance of sexual factors in the acquisition of CMV infection by HIV-infected men and suggests a protective effect of condom use.