Promoting function in clients with chronic lung disease by increasing their perception of control

The article describes a Neuman systems model format for assessment of people living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and a secondary prevention intervention based on developing their perception of control. Control is an intrapersonal psychologic component of the hardy personality that interacts with and affects the person's physiologic, sociocultural, developmental, and spiritual stability. The methods of changing a client's perception of control to avoid or resist the stressors associated with the disease, such as dyspnea, fear, and anxiety, include assessment tools, diaries, relaxation techniques, and stress management programs.