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Physical abuse and low birthweight: a case-control study

H Grimstad1, B Schei, B Backe

  • 1Department of Community Medicine and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim.

British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
|December 31, 1997
PubMed
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This study found no significant link between partner abuse and low birthweight infants. While abused women reported higher substance use, abuse itself was not identified as a direct risk factor for low birthweight.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Reproductive Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Partner abuse is a significant public health concern.
  • Understanding its impact on pregnancy outcomes is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between physical partner abuse and low birthweight.
  • To identify potential risk factors for adverse birth outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study design was employed.
  • Eighty-six mothers of low birthweight infants (cases) and 92 mothers of normal birthweight infants (controls) were interviewed.
  • Data on partner abuse were collected using direct questioning and the Conflict Tactics Scales.

Main Results:

Keywords:
BiologyBirth WeightBody WeightCase Control StudiesCrimeDeveloped CountriesDomestic Violence--womenEuropeLow Birth Weight--determinantsNorthern EuropeNorwayPhysiologyPregnancyReproductionResearch MethodologyResearch ReportRisk FactorsScandinaviaSexual Abuse--womenSocial ProblemsStudiesWomen

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  • 17% of women reported experiencing partner abuse.
  • While 20% of mothers of low birthweight infants reported abuse compared to 15% of controls, this difference was not statistically significant.
  • Abused women reported higher alcohol and cigarette consumption during pregnancy.

Conclusions:

  • Physical abuse by a partner was not found to be a statistically significant risk factor for low birthweight in this Norwegian study.
  • The findings suggest that other factors, potentially including increased substance use, may mediate the relationship between abuse and birth outcomes.