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Radiation therapy in skin cancer. A historical perspective and current applications
1Division of Radiation Oncology, New Jersey Medical School, University Hospital, Newark 07103, USA.
Background:
Radiation therapy has been used for skin cancer for nearly a century. During this protracted period, techniques of administering superficial irradiation have developed continuously. More recently, the availability of electron beams for treatment of skin cancer has improved further our ability to treat skin cancer more efficiently and with less toxicity. These include primary skin cancers as well as any metastatic skin lesion.
Objective:
Indications and advantages of modern radiation therapy in skin cancer are confusing at times. In this review, an attempt was made to clarify the role of this discipline in dermatologic use.
Methods:
Old literature has been reviewed in order to give an appropriate historical perspective of treatment of skin with irradiation. Literature has also been selected for updating information on current indications and practice of radiation therapy for skin lesions.
Results:
Radiation therapy is very effective in many situations where other modalities are contraindicated or functionally or cosmetically impairing. With the most efficient methods of fractionation and administration, the control rate of most skin cancers with radiation is as high as 90% or more.
Conclusion:
Modern day radiation therapy is very effective in treatment of skin cancers. Not only the control rate is as good as any other modality, but, with irradiation, cosmetic appearance and function are better preserved under most circumstances.