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Normal auditory brainstem and cochlear function in extreme pediatric plumbism

S A Counter1, L H Buchanan, F Ortega

  • 1Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge 02138, USA.

Journal of the Neurological Sciences
|December 12, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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High lead (Pb) exposure in Ecuadorian children did not impair auditory brainstem responses or cochlear function. This study challenges assumptions linking lead intoxication to sensory-neural deficits in children.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatric Toxicology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Childhood lead (Pb) intoxication is linked to encephalopathy and neurodevelopmental impairments.
  • Industrial Pb contamination from ceramics glazing using discarded batteries affects communities in Ecuador.
  • Previous research suggests Pb exposure negatively impacts sensory and cognitive functions in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and neuro-sensory effects of Pb exposure in children from Andean villages.
  • To investigate the relationship between blood lead (PbB) levels and auditory function in exposed children.

Main Methods:

  • Collected venous blood samples from 107 children in a Pb-glazing area and 39 controls.
  • Measured blood lead (PbB) levels.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Conducted auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and audiological/otological tests on the exposed group.

    • Main Results:

    • Median PbB levels were significantly higher in the Pb-glazing group (40.0 microg/dL) vs. controls (6.0 microg/dL).
    • ABR tests showed normal wave latencies and neural transmission times, with no correlation to PbB levels.
    • Audiological tests revealed normal cochlear function, unrelated to PbB levels.

    Conclusions:

    • Elevated blood lead levels in these children did not impair auditory brainstem neural transmission.
    • Sensory-neural cochlear function remained intact despite high PbB levels.
    • Findings challenge the assumption that Pb exposure invariably causes auditory pathway deficits in childhood plumbism.