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Individual differences in the experience of emotions

K A Winter1, N A Kuiper

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.

Clinical Psychology Review
|December 16, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Individual differences in personality and self-schemas significantly influence emotional experiences. Understanding these factors enhances emotion theories and clinical applications in psychology.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Emotion Science
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Emotion research traditionally examines neuropsychological and cognitive factors.
  • Individual differences and cognitive appraisals are increasingly recognized as crucial in emotion.
  • Personality traits (e.g., extraversion, neuroticism) and psychopathology impact emotional responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the role of individual difference factors in emotion.
  • To integrate personality and cognitive factors within emotion theory.
  • To present a self-schema model of emotion.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewing neuropsychological and cognitive approaches to emotion.
  • Analyzing personality and psychopathology findings.
  • Developing and illustrating a self-schema model of emotion.

Main Results:

  • Individual differences in personality and self-schemas shape cognitive appraisals and emotional outcomes.
  • The self-schema model explains how core themes and self-beliefs influence emotional processing.
  • This model enhances the predictability of emotional and behavioral responses.

Conclusions:

  • Individual differences are fundamental to understanding emotion.
  • The self-schema model offers a framework for integrating these differences.
  • Further research is needed on cognitive and emotional components of individual differences in emotion.

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