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Injuries due to letter bombs

J Missliwetz1, B Schneider, H Oppenheim

  • 1Universitäts-Dozent, Institut für Gerichtliche Medizin der Universität, Wien.

Journal of Forensic Sciences
|December 16, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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In 1993, letter bombs targeting refugee caregivers in Austria caused severe hand injuries. The severity of wounds depended on how victims held the explosive devices, highlighting a critical factor in injury outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Explosives Analysis

Background:

  • In late 1993, a series of ten letter bombs were mailed in Austria.
  • The targets were individuals involved in the care of foreigners, indicating a targeted attack.

Observation:

  • Four letter bombs detonated upon opening, causing injuries to the recipients.
  • Six bombs were safely discovered and deactivated by specialists before detonation.

Findings:

  • The injuries primarily affected the left hand, common for right-handed individuals opening mail.
  • Victim hand positioning critically influenced injury severity, despite consistent explosive charges.
  • Injuries ranged from minor tissue damage to severe mutilation and risk of exsanguination.

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Implications:

  • Understanding the mechanics of injury from explosive devices is crucial for medical and forensic professionals.
  • This case underscores the importance of mail screening and public awareness regarding suspicious packages.
  • The findings inform the treatment protocols for blast-related hand injuries and forensic investigations of explosive devices.