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Risk assessment and risk-based programs of prevention in various settings

B J Braden1, N Bergstrom

  • 1Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA.

Ostomy/Wound Management
|November 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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The Braden Scale effectively identifies patients at risk for pressure ulcers, guiding interventions. Implementing formal risk assessment programs reduces ulcer incidence and associated costs, becoming a crucial standard of care.

Area of Science:

  • Nursing
  • Patient Safety
  • Healthcare Management

Background:

  • Numerous screening tools exist for pressure ulcer risk assessment.
  • The Braden Scale is a widely tested tool for estimating pressure ulcer development risk.
  • Variations in its application across settings necessitate clear guidelines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the reliability and utility of the Braden Scale in diverse healthcare settings.
  • To determine optimal timing and frequency for risk assessments.
  • To assess the effectiveness of formal risk-based prevention programs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of studies investigating the Braden Scale's application and effectiveness.
  • Analysis of user reliability (RNs, Nurse Aides, LPNs) in scale utilization.

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  • Examination of outcomes associated with formal risk-based prevention protocols.
  • Main Results:

    • Registered Nurses (RNs) demonstrate higher reliability in using the Braden Scale compared to Nurse Aides and Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs).
    • Formal risk assessment programs, utilizing tools like the Braden Scale, are effective in reducing pressure ulcer incidence and costs.
    • Protocols can be tailored to specific risk levels, with interventions linked to subscale scores.

    Conclusions:

    • The Braden Scale aids caregivers in identifying at-risk patients and specific risk factors, complementing clinical judgment.
    • Standardized risk assessment and risk-based protocols, such as the Braden Scale, should be integrated into all healthcare practices.
    • Consistent assessment upon admission, followed by regular re-evaluation, is recommended for optimal patient care.