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Isoproterenol and somatostatin decrease plasma leptin in humans: a novel mechanism regulating leptin secretion

W T Donahoo1, D R Jensen, T J Yost

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|December 17, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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In humans, isoproterenol (a cAMP-inducing agent) and somatostatin were found to decrease plasma leptin levels. This suggests new mechanisms for regulating leptin, a key hormone in energy balance.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolism
  • Hormone Regulation

Background:

  • Leptin secretion is modulated by insulin and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in vitro.
  • In vivo studies in animals show similar effects of insulin and cAMP-increasing agents on plasma leptin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that increased cAMP, induced by isoproterenol, decreases leptin in humans.
  • To explore the effects of isoproterenol and somatostatin on human plasma leptin levels.

Main Methods:

  • Five groups of normal-weight subjects received infusions: isoproterenol (24 ng/kg/min or 8 ng/kg/min), somatostatin/insulin/GH with or without isoproterenol, or saline (control).
  • Plasma leptin and insulin levels were monitored throughout the infusions.

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Main Results:

  • Isoproterenol infusion (24 ng/kg/min) decreased plasma leptin by 27% over 120 minutes and increased insulin.
  • Isoproterenol infusion (8 ng/kg/min) decreased leptin by 16%.
  • Somatostatin/insulin/GH alone decreased leptin by 19%, with an additional 15% decrease when isoproterenol was co-administered.

Conclusions:

  • Both isoproterenol and somatostatin significantly reduce plasma leptin in humans.
  • Isoproterenol's effect is likely mediated via beta-adrenergic receptors.
  • Somatostatin's action indicates a novel mechanism in leptin regulation.