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EMF genes regulate Arabidopsis inflorescence development

L Chen1, J C Cheng, L Castle

  • 1Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA.

The Plant Cell
|December 24, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Mutations in EMBRYONIC FLOWER (EMF) genes disrupt plant development, causing abnormal inflorescence and flower formation. Study reveals EMF genes negatively regulate floral development genes, controlling the transition from inflorescence to flower in Arabidopsis.

Area of Science:

  • Plant Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Genetics
  • Arabidopsis thaliana research

Background:

  • EMBRYONIC FLOWER (EMF) genes EMF1 and EMF2 are crucial for rosette development.
  • Mutations in EMF genes lead to reduced inflorescence or transformed flowers, suggesting a role in repressing reproductive development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the regulatory role of EMF genes in reproductive development.
  • To elucidate the relationship between EMF genes and genes controlling inflorescence and flower development.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of double mutants combining emf1-2 with floral development genes (APETALA1, APETALA2, LEAFY, APETALA1 cauliflower, TERMINAL FLOWER1).
  • Assessment of APETALA1 and AGAMOUS promoter activity in emf seedlings.
  • Evaluation of LEAFY constitutive expression effects in emf mutants.

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Main Results:

  • APETALA1 and AGAMOUS promoters are activated in emf seedlings, indicating normal suppression by EMF activity.
  • emf1-2 is epistatic to tested floral genes, positioning EMF genes downstream in the inflorescence-to-flower transition.
  • LEAFY expression exacerbates emf phenotypes, suggesting LEAFY inhibits EMF activity.

Conclusions:

  • Arabidopsis inflorescence development is regulated by a reciprocal negative feedback loop between EMF genes and floral development genes.
  • EMF genes act downstream of key floral identity genes, mediating the transition to flowering.