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Inactivation of human viruses by povidone-iodine in comparison with other antiseptics
R Kawana1, T Kitamura, O Nakagomi
1Morioka Yuuai General Hospital, Japan.
Abstract:
Inactivation of a range of viruses, such as adeno-, mumps, rota-, polio- (types 1 and 3), coxsackie-, rhino-, herpes simplex, rubella, measles, influenza and human immunodeficiency viruses, by povidone-iodine (PVP-I) and other commercially available antiseptics in Japan was studied in accordance with the standardized protocol in vitro. In these experiments, antiseptics such as PVP-I solution, PVP-I gargle, PVP-I cream, chlorhexidine gluconate, alkyldiaminoethyl-glycine hydrochloride, benzalkonium chloride (BAC) and benzethonium chloride (BEC) were used. PVP-I was effective against all the virus species tested. PVP-I drug products, which were examined in these experiments, inactivated all the viruses within a short period of time. Rubella, measles, mumps viruses and HIV were sensitive to all of the antiseptics, and rotavirus was inactivated by BAC and BEC, while adeno-, polio- and rhinoviruses did not respond to the other antiseptics. PVP-I had a wider virucidal spectrum, covering both enveloped and nonenveloped viruses, than the other commercially available antiseptics.
Insights
Povidone-iodine (PVP-I) effectively inactivated all tested viruses, including enveloped and nonenveloped types, in vitro. Other antiseptics showed a narrower antiviral spectrum compared to PVP-I.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Antimicrobial agents
Background:
- Antiseptics are crucial for infection control.
- Understanding the broad-spectrum virucidal activity of antiseptics is vital.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the in vitro antiviral efficacy of povidone-iodine (PVP-I) and other antiseptics against a wide range of viruses.
- To compare the virucidal spectrum of PVP-I with other commercial antiseptics.
Main Methods:
- Standardized in vitro protocols were used to test antiseptics against various viruses.
- Tested antiseptics included PVP-I formulations, chlorhexidine gluconate, benzalkonium chloride (BAC), and benzethonium chloride (BEC).
Main Results:
- Povidone-iodine demonstrated broad-spectrum virucidal activity, inactivating all tested viruses (adeno-, mumps, rota-, polio-, coxsackie-, rhino-, herpes simplex, rubella, measles, influenza, HIV).
- Rubella, measles, mumps viruses, and HIV were susceptible to all tested antiseptics.
- BAC and BEC inactivated rotavirus, while adeno-, polio-, and rhinoviruses were resistant to other antiseptics besides PVP-I.
- PVP-I exhibited a wider virucidal spectrum than the other antiseptics evaluated.
Conclusions:
- Povidone-iodine possesses superior broad-spectrum antiviral efficacy against both enveloped and nonenveloped viruses compared to other common antiseptics.
- PVP-I is a highly effective virucidal agent for a wide range of clinically relevant viruses.