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Anti-atherogenicity in women does not prevent restenosis after balloon angioplasty
T Watanabe1, S Isoyama, A Nakamura
1First Department of Internal Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Insights
This study found that women
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Interventional Cardiology
- Gender-based Health Research
Background:
- Coronary angioplasty is a common procedure to treat atherosclerosis.
- Restenosis, or re-narrowing of the artery, is a significant complication.
- The role of anti-atherogenicity in women in preventing restenosis is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate whether the anti-atherogenic properties in women offer protection against restenosis after coronary angioplasty.
- To compare restenosis rates between men and women, and between pre- and post-menopausal women.
Main Methods:
- A study cohort included 493 men and 81 women aged 40-60 years who underwent successful balloon angioplasty.
- Follow-up angiography was performed to assess restenosis.
- Restenosis was evaluated using categorical definitions and percent diameter stenosis.
Main Results:
- Restenosis rates did not differ significantly between men and women.
- No significant difference in restenosis was observed between pre- and post-menopausal women.
- Menopausal status and sex were not independent predictors of restenosis in multivariate analysis.
Conclusions:
- The hypothesis that anti-atherogenicity in women prevents restenosis after coronary angioplasty was not supported.
- Sex and menopausal status do not appear to be significant factors in restenosis development post-angioplasty.
- Further research may be needed to explore other factors influencing restenosis in diverse populations.
Abstract:
To test the hypothesis that anti-atherogenicity in women exerts beneficial effects to prevent restenosis formation after coronary angioplasty, we studied 493 men (988 lesions) and 81 women (159 lesions), aged 40-60 years, who had undergone successful balloon angioplasty and had follow-up angiography, 4.9 +/- 4.1 months later. We compared the extent of restenosis between men and women, and between pre- and post-menopausal women, which was assessed by a categorical definition of restenosis (more than 50% diameter stenosis at follow-up) and by percent diameter measured immediately after angioplasty and at follow-up. Hypertension was more frequent in women and a significantly lower percentage of women smoked. In women, the levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were higher. The location of dilated lesions, frequency of angioplasty for lesions with chronic total occlusion, and frequency of emergency angioplasty in patients with unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction were similar in men and women. Restenosis formation, estimated by the categorical definition or percent diameter, did not differ between men and women, or between pre- and post-menopausal women. Menopausal status or sex was not an independent predictor of restenosis by multivariate analysis. Thus, the benefit of anti-atherogenicity in women does not play an important role in preventing restenosis after coronary angioplasty.