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Delay versus deviance in autistic social behavior

L VanMeter1, D Fein, R Morris

  • 1University of Connecticut, USA.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
|December 24, 1997
PubMed
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Autistic children show varied skill development compared to controls, with specific challenges in communication and social skills. This heterogeneity suggests unique developmental pathways rather than simple delays.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by social, communication, and behavioral differences.
  • Understanding the developmental patterns in autism is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the adaptive skill acquisition patterns in autistic children versus typically developing and intellectually disabled children.
  • To identify specific strengths and weaknesses in adaptive functioning domains for autistic individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales to quantify intradomain scatter in autistic, mentally retarded, and normal control groups.
  • Matched control groups to autistic children based on overall adaptive behavior raw scores.
  • Conducted item-level analyses to pinpoint specific skill differences across domains.

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Main Results:

  • Autistic children exhibited significantly greater scatter in Communication and Socialization domains compared to both control groups.
  • Identified specific weaknesses in autistic children related to attention, pragmatic language, social play, and reciprocal interaction.
  • Observed particular strengths in autistic children concerning written language, rote language, and rule-governed social behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • Autistic development displays a sequentially deviant pattern, not simply a delay, in adaptive skill acquisition.
  • Significant developmental heterogeneity exists within the autistic population, with individuals varying in their specific skill profiles.
  • Despite group differences, the small number of consistently differing items underscores the individuality of autistic development.