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Instrument performance in bone density testing at five Australian centres

K M Khan1, S L Henzell, C Broderick

  • 1Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Vic.

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine
|December 24, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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This study found that dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) provides precise bone mineral density (BMD) measurements, with less than 0.7% variation for spine and hip phantoms. The results highlight DXA

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Radiology
  • Bone Densitometry

Background:

  • Bone mineral densitometry (BMD) is crucial for diagnosing osteoporosis and monitoring treatment.
  • Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a widely used method for BMD assessment.
  • Ensuring the precision and accuracy of DXA across different centers and instruments is vital for reliable clinical and research outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the in vitro precision and accuracy of BMD measurements using DXA.
  • To compare BMD measurement performance within and between five Australian centers.
  • To assess the reliability of DXA instruments over time.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter reliability study was conducted using in vitro phantoms.
  • Five DXA instruments (four Hologic QDR-2000 and one Hologic QDR-1000/W) were used in pencil beam mode.

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  • Short-term and long-term precision, as well as accuracy, were assessed for spine and hip phantoms.

    • Main Results:

    • Short-term precision was excellent, with coefficients of variation (CV) below 0.5% for spine and 0.34% for hip phantoms.
    • Between-center measurements showed all-point CVs of 0.52% for spine and 0.70% for hip phantoms.
    • Mean accuracy was high, with 99.1% for spine and 96.7% for hip phantom measurements.
    • Long-term stability (one year) showed CVs ranging from 0.38% to 0.54%.

    Conclusions:

    • DXA demonstrates high in vitro precision (0.5% for spine, 0.7% for hip) and accuracy (>99% spine, >96% hip).
    • These findings support the use of DXA for clinical diagnosis, research, and quality control.
    • The study confirms the reliability of DXA measurements across multiple instruments and centers.